Quantifying Consciousness: An Empirical ApproachThis book presents an approach to quantifying consciousness and its various states. It represents over ten years of work in developing, test ing, and researching the use of relatively simple self-report question naires in the retrospective assessment of subjective or phenomenologi cal experience. While the simplicity of the method allows for subjective experience to be reliably and validly assessed across various short stim ulus conditions, the flexibility of the approach allows the cognitive psy chologist, consciousness researcher, and mental health professional to quantify and statistically assess the phenomenological variables associ ated with various stimulus conditions, altered-state induction tech niques, and clinical procedures. The methodology allows the cognitive psychologist and mental health professional to comprehensively quantify the structures and pat terns of subjective experience dealing with imagery, attention, affect, volitional control, internal dialogue, and so forth to determine how these phenomenological structures might covary during such stimulus conditions as free association, a sexual fantasy, creative problem solving, or a panic attack. It allows for various phenomenological pro cesses to be reported, quantified, and statistically assessed in a rather comprehensive fashion that should help shed greater understanding on the nature of mind or consciousness. |
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Page 14
Impressions were the immediate data of experience, or what we would today call sensations, while ideas were the faint images of impressions used in thinking and reasoning. Ideas came from impressions and were less vivid and lively.
Impressions were the immediate data of experience, or what we would today call sensations, while ideas were the faint images of impressions used in thinking and reasoning. Ideas came from impressions and were less vivid and lively.
Page 15
in constant flux, Wundt emphasized that an element, such as a sensation, was a “mental process" that was not ... The fact that later psychological introspectionists tended to treat mental processes, such as sensations, images, ...
in constant flux, Wundt emphasized that an element, such as a sensation, was a “mental process" that was not ... The fact that later psychological introspectionists tended to treat mental processes, such as sensations, images, ...
Page 16
Quality made an element specific and individual, as a red or yellow, sweet or sour, or pleasant or unpleasant sensation, whereas intensity referred to the gradient or intenseness with which the sensation or affection was experienced.
Quality made an element specific and individual, as a red or yellow, sweet or sour, or pleasant or unpleasant sensation, whereas intensity referred to the gradient or intenseness with which the sensation or affection was experienced.
Page 17
Whereas the Wurzbergers thought they had discovered a new kind of mental element, Titchener suggested that this was nothing but "vague evanescent patterns of sensations and images, and, in part, meanings and inferences which ought to be ...
Whereas the Wurzbergers thought they had discovered a new kind of mental element, Titchener suggested that this was nothing but "vague evanescent patterns of sensations and images, and, in part, meanings and inferences which ought to be ...
Page 18
These five characteristics of consciousness epitomize the functionalist approach to consciousness and are contrasted with the elementary processes of sensations and affections and their corresponding attributes of intensity, quality, ...
These five characteristics of consciousness epitomize the functionalist approach to consciousness and are contrasted with the elementary processes of sensations and affections and their corresponding attributes of intensity, quality, ...
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Table des matières
| 1 | |
| 11 | |
Phenomenological Perspectives on Consciousness | 31 |
The Cognitive Revolution in Psychology | 53 |
Development Reliability and Validity of | 91 |
Reliability | 99 |
Development Reliability and Validity of | 113 |
Validity | 120 |
A Note on Methodology as to Fundamental Structures | 233 |
Conclusions | 242 |
The Trait of Absorption and Subjective Experience | 245 |
Using the PCI to Investigate TraitState Aspects | 259 |
Study 2 | 268 |
Study 3 | 279 |
The Differential Organization of the Structures | 289 |
Study 2 | 302 |
The Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory | 127 |
Development Reliability and Validity of the Dimensions | 145 |
Study 2 | 159 |
Graphing Devices for the Retrospective Phenomenological | 171 |
Icons | 192 |
Using Retrospective Phenomenological Assessment | 205 |
Rationale for the Use of Retrospective Phenomenological | 208 |
Retrospective Phenomenological Assessment | 215 |
StimulusState Specificity | 225 |
Predicting Hypnotic Susceptibility with the PCI | 309 |
Assessing an OutoftheBody Experience with the | 333 |
Discussion | 340 |
Appendixes | 351 |
B DAQ Items as a Function of DAQ Dimensions Using | 357 |
References | 395 |
About the Author | 411 |
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Expressions et termes fréquents
A)DCQ absorption altered experience ANOVA approach associated attention dimensions awareness baseline condition behavior biofeedback body image cluster analysis coefficient alpha cognitive cognitive psychology completed the PCI correlation matrices dimensions of consciousness ence erotica experienced eyes open eyes-closed condition factor factor analysis function greater alterations Harvard Group Scale Harvard Scale high susceptibles hypnoidal effects hypnosis hypnotic induction hypnotic susceptibility individuals induction procedure intensity and pattern intensity scores interaction internal dialogue introspection item-pairs Jennrich test Likert scale low susceptibles major dimensions medium memory methodology negative affect nomenological PCI dimensions PCI sub)dimensions Pekala & Kumar perception phenomenological assessment phenomenological experience Phenomenology of Consciousness pips positive affect predicted progressive relaxation psychology psygrams quantify reference reliability index reported sciousness self-awareness sensations significantly different stimulus conditions stream of consciousness subjective experience subsystems suggests susceptibility groups susceptible subjects SYSTAT Tart tion variables variance volitional control