White Cargo: The Forgotten History of Britain’s White Slaves in AmericaNYU Press, 8 mars 2008 - 320 pages White Cargo is the forgotten story of the thousands of Britons who lived and died in bondage in Britain's American colonies. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, more than 300,000 white people were shipped to America as slaves. Urchins were swept up from London's streets to labor in the tobacco fields, where life expectancy was no more than two years. Brothels were raided to provide "breeders" for Virginia. Hopeful migrants were duped into signing as indentured servants, unaware they would become personal property who could be bought, sold, and even gambled away. Transported convicts were paraded for sale like livestock. Drawing on letters crying for help, diaries, and court and government archives, Don Jordan and Michael Walsh demonstrate that the brutalities usually associated with black slavery alone were perpetrated on whites throughout British rule. The trade ended with American independence, but the British still tried to sell convicts in their former colonies, which prompted one of the most audacious plots in Anglo-American history. This is a saga of exploration and cruelty spanning 170 years that has been submerged under the overwhelming memory of black slavery. White Cargo brings the brutal, uncomfortable story to the surface. |
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... williamson, Peter, see williamson 'spirits' (kidnappers), see spiriting 'starving time' 52, 60 Stirling, earl of 42 Strachey, william 44, 58 sugar biology 178 cane spirit 179–82 farming and manufacture 180, 182–5, 189 industry 185,236 ...
... williamson, Peter 236–41, 246 williamson, ralph 162 wingfield, edward Maria 48 winthrop, John, governor, Massachusetts 114, 117 winton, earl of 228 wollaston, thomas 114–15 women 78, 138, 144, 147, 183,224, 248 african 87 breeding stock ...
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White Cargo: The Forgotten History of Britain's White Slaves in America Don Jordan,Michael Walsh Affichage d'extraits - 2007 |